Engineering

Local context: conditions in South Africa

South African costs move with tariffs and levies, so Engineering uses SARS-aligned rates and rand pricing.

Key local facts

• Currency: South African rand written R1 234,56 — a space as thousands separator and a comma for decimals.
• Tax: Progressive PIT from 18% to 45%, with VAT at 15% and rebates applied by age group.
• Contributions: UIF at 1% from employee and 1% from employer, capped monthly, plus the Skills Development Levy for larger payrolls.
• Energy: 230 V / 50 Hz with Type M (SANS 164-1) and Type N sockets; Eskom tariffs are block-based, so unit cost rises with consumption.
• Units: Metric throughout: km, kg, litres, °C, and property in square metres.

Local examples

• Example — Johannesburg: A household in Johannesburg runs Engineering against a municipal bill to see which tariff block it falls into.
• Example — Cape Town: A contractor in Cape Town uses Engineering to quote excluding VAT, then adds 15% for the final invoice.

Every figure above applies to South Africa specifically and is reviewed when the rules change.